Resources

Guides to answer engine optimisation

What AEO is, how answer engines choose the sources they cite, what to change on your site, and how to tell whether the change actually moved an answer.

How to use this AEO library

Answer engine optimisation, or AEO, is the work of becoming a useful source for the answers people receive from ChatGPT, Google AI Overviews, Gemini, Claude, Perplexity, and other search-connected assistants. It builds on ordinary search fundamentals but measures a different outcome. A page can rank, be technically readable, and still be absent when a buyer asks for a recommendation. These guides separate the work from the evidence so technical readiness is never presented as proof of a citation.

Use three evidence states when reading any recommendation here. Eligible means a named crawler can access the intended page and the delivered HTML contains the information it needs. Competitive means the site has a credible page or external source for the buyer question, with clear claims and support that can stand beside the pages already being cited. Observed means a live answer was captured with its question, provider, surface, cited URLs, and timestamp. These states are related, but they are not a blended score and one never substitutes for another.

The library is organised around four reader jobs. Learn explains AEO, GEO, AI visibility, how answer retrieval works, and how to evaluate tools or costs.Measure covers crawler access, readable content, provider surfaces, citations, competitors, and the evidence needed for a baseline. Act turns a diagnosed constraint into a prioritised technical, content, or trust change.Prove covers comparable checks after publication, monitoring over time, and what a result can honestly support without claiming causation.

Start with the stage matching the constraint you can see now, not the tactic you expect to use. If the site has never been measured, establish access and one live answer first. If competitors are already being recommended, compare the exact cited pages before creating more content. If a change has shipped, preserve the baseline and repeat the same question on the same surface. Each guide states its limits, sources, and next step so you can move through the library without turning a sample into a trend or a correlation into proof.

Start here · 5 min read

AI visibility guide: get found and cited

A practical guide to helping AI search tools access, understand, retrieve, trust, and cite your website—and measuring what changes over time.

Read the complete guide

Start with the category

The short version lives on the AEO page. These three go further.

Learn

What AEO is, how answer engines work, and how to choose tooling.

Measure

Finding out where you actually stand, and why the answers name who they name.

June 20, 2026 · Updated August 19, 2026 · 11 min read

Why ChatGPT cannot find your website

Why ChatGPT and search engines overlook websites, with practical fixes for access, readable content, entity clarity, trust, and citations.

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August 12, 2026 · Updated August 17, 2026 · 13 min read

ChatGPT citations and search visibility

How ChatGPT search discovers and cites pages, which OpenAI crawler controls apply, what publishers can measure, and what one reproducible API search showed.

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August 12, 2026 · 12 min read

Perplexity citations and search visibility

How Perplexity discovers and cites pages, which crawler controls apply, what publishers can measure, and what one reproducible Sonar search showed.

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August 12, 2026 · 13 min read

Claude search, citations, and crawler roles

How Claude search finds and cites sources, what its three crawlers do, which publisher controls apply, and how to measure access and citations.

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August 11, 2026 · 10 min read

Google AI Overviews and AI Mode guide

How Google sources AI Overviews and AI Mode, which publisher controls apply, what Search Console measures, and what one reproducible query showed.

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August 10, 2026 · 9 min read

AI crawler bots and robots.txt reference

A maintained reference for ChatGPT, Google, Claude and Perplexity crawlers: purpose, robots.txt controls, IP verification and policy examples.

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August 10, 2026 · 9 min read

Track ChatGPT, Gemini, Claude & AI Overviews

AI Overviews, AI Mode, Gemini, Claude, ChatGPT and Perplexity are different surfaces with different controls. What each one is, and what a result from it means.

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August 10, 2026 · 13 min read

Google AI reporting: Search Console vs Bing

Use Google Search Console and Bing Webmaster Tools AI reporting without confusing aggregate impressions, citations, captured answers, or traffic.

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August 6, 2026 · 4 min read

Why Perplexity did not cite our website

A dated Perplexity check: the exact question, verbatim answer, 20 sources, and seven tools it named instead of us—plus what that result can support.

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July 10, 2026 · Updated July 16, 2026 · 3 min read

Why ChatGPT recommends some websites

How ChatGPT and Perplexity retrieve sources, choose what to cite, and recommend brands—explained through retrieval, evidence, and trust.

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July 11, 2026 · 4 min read

Is your website AI-friendly?

Learn what an AI-friendly website is and run a practical test for crawler access, indexability, readable content, clear meaning, trust, and citation readiness.

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Act

The changes worth making, and how to prioritise them.

August 12, 2026 · 14 min read

AI visibility for Shopify stores

A practical Shopify AI visibility guide: product data, crawler controls, Catalog settings, safe publishing, measurement, and a reproducible test.

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August 12, 2026 · 13 min read

AI visibility for B2B SaaS

A practical B2B SaaS AI visibility guide: source architecture, publisher controls, structured data, measurement, and one reproducible site check.

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August 12, 2026 · 13 min read

Local and professional-service AI visibility

A practical AI visibility guide for local and professional services: profiles, location pages, reviews, registers, controls, schema, and measurement.

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August 10, 2026 · 7 min read

Cloudflare AI crawler defaults explained

From 15 September 2026 Cloudflare blocks training and agent crawlers by default on ad-serving pages. What changes, who it affects, and how to check yours.

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July 7, 2026 · Updated August 10, 2026 · 7 min read

Does schema help Google AI Overviews?

What structured data can and cannot do for AI answers: useful schema types, FAQPage in 2026, llms.txt, validation, and honest measurement.

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June 24, 2026 · Updated August 10, 2026 · 4 min read

AEO checklist for ChatGPT and AI search

An AEO checklist for robots.txt, sitemaps, metadata, structured data, page architecture, and content that search and AI tools can retrieve.

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August 6, 2026 · 4 min readFeatured above

How to improve AI visibility: the AEO loop

A five-stage AEO loop for measuring an answer, understanding who won, choosing and shipping one supported change, then checking what moved.

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July 16, 2026 · 5 min read

Trust signals for ChatGPT and AI search

A practical guide to the trust signals behind AI answers: identity, authorship, dates, sources, consistency, and third-party corroboration.

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Prove

Tracking, comparable checks, and what a result can honestly claim.

Questions about this resource library

Which Robot Visible guide should I read first?
Start with the AI visibility guide if you need the complete field mapped from access through citation. If you already know the category, choose the stage matching your current constraint: Learn for concepts and buying decisions, Measure for diagnosis, Act for implementation, and Prove for comparable evidence after a change.
What do Learn, Measure, Act and Prove mean on this page?
Learn establishes the vocabulary and operating model. Measure records technical eligibility and live answer evidence. Act covers choosing and shipping a supported change. Prove covers later checks, trends, and the limits on attribution. A guide appears in the stage where its main job belongs, even when it supports another stage too.
How are these AEO resources kept current?
Guides show publication and material-update dates, name their sources, and keep corrections visible. Dated datasets retain the date each underlying fact was checked. Provider errors, unavailable surfaces, and evidence that was not collected stay unknown rather than being converted into a negative result.